Electrical distribution systems are characterized by dynamic operating conditions and complex network topologies, which pose significant challenges for the effective deployment of protection schemes.

The objective of protective relays and protective schemes is to protect electrical equipment such as transformers, lines, cables, bus bars, etc. during abnormal system conditions. Hence, protective ...

Use of the powerful event reports can increase system reliability, lower maintenance costs, and reduce the potential for system damage and resulting outages. Today’s microprocessor-based relays ...

An I-Team review of regulatory filings shows, for the last decade, Consolidated Edison delayed and ultimately scrapped a program to spend $350 million dollars to modernize “relay protection systems.” ...

MicroMax’s M-Max 400 RC is a highly reliable computer for building all-electric interlocking distributed systems. The system converts CAN-interface control signals (twisted pair or single-mode fiber) ...

Framatome and SEL have installed the first safety-related digital protection relays in a US reactor at the Columbia GS in Washington.

The addition of a components and an unused NC contact to a dc supply provides a power-reducing feature to a relay driver circuit. Electromagnetic relays need much less power for holding than they do ...